BIOLOGY / IMPORTANT SCIENTIST AND THEIR WORK
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| BIOLOGY / IMPORTANT SCIENTIST AND THEIR WORK |
Important
Scientist And Their Work
Robert
Hooke
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1665
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Discovered cells for first time in
cork slice with the help of primitive microscope.
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Leeuwenhoek
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1674
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Discovered free-living cells in pond
water by his improved microscope.
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Robert Brown
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1831
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Discovered nucleus in cells.
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Schleiden and Schwann
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1838-1839
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Presented cell theory,which states
that all plants and animals are composed of cells and the cell is the basic
unit of life.
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Purkinje
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1839
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Coined the term ‘protolasm’ for the
fluid substance of cell.
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Rudolf Vichow
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1855
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Expanded the cell theory by suggesting
that all cells arise from pre existing cells.
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Knoll and Ruska
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1940
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Built an Electron Microscope that made
understanding of the complex structure of cell and its organelles possible.
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ROBERT
HOOKE:
Robert Hooke
was one of a special breed of scientist whose intellect and ingenuity spanned
many different disciplines. Like his contemporaries Isaac Newton(1642-1727) and Christian Huygens,
Hooke worked in many fields, often with remarkable results.
Hooke was born in Britain, on the Wight in
1635. A sickly child who was stricken with small pox at an early age, he was not expected to survive more than a few
years. His persistent ill health forced him to remain indoors, where he found
amusement in taking apart and reassembling mechanical devices. By his tenth
birthday he had become adept at constructing intricate mechanical toys,
including working boats and clocks.
After his father's death in 1648, Hooke was sent
to London to attend boarding school, where the headmaster recognized his
potential and placed him in a curriculum that included Latin, Greek, and
mathematics. Hooke attended Oxford in 1653. Though he never completed his
bachelor's degree, it was at Oxford that Hooke met some of Britain's greatest
scientists, around whom the British Royal Society would later form. Among these
was the physicist Robert Boyle, for whom Hooke served as a laboratory
assistant.
VAN LEEUWENHOEK:
Van Leeuwenhoek, whose birth 384 years ago Monday in Delft,
Netherlands, is being honored in an animated Google doodle. He is commonly known as the father of
microbiology and widely considered the first microbiologist. He was first to
observe and describe microorganisms, which he originally referred to as
animalcules.
ROBERT BROWN:
Robert Brown, a botanist,
collected, studied and classified thousands of plant flora he collected from
the Flinders expedition to Australia in 1801 – 1805. He described Brownian
motion, the movement of small particles in solution, which is named after him
and he described and named the plant cell nuclei.
THEODOR SCHWANN:
Theodor Schwann 7 December
1810 – 11 January 1882) was a German physician and physiologist.
His most significant contribution
to biology is considered to be the extension of cell
theory to animals. Other contributions include
the discovery of Schwann cells in
the peripheral nervous system,
the discovery and study of pepsin,
the discovery of the organic nature of yeast, and the
invention of the term metabolism.
JOHANN EVANGELIST PURKINJE:
Jan Evangelista Purkyně (Czech:
also written Johann Evangelist Purkinje) (17 or 18 December 1787 – 28 July 1869) was a Czech anatomist and physiologist. In 1839, he coined the term 'protoplasm' for the fluid substance of a cell. He was one of the
best known scientists of his time. Such was his fame that when people from
outside Europe wrote letters to him, all that they needed to put as the address
was "Purkyně, Europe".
RUDOLF VIRCHOW:
Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow was a German physician,
anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist, writer, editor, and
politician. He is known as "the father of modern pathology" and as
the founder of social medicine, and to his colleagues, the "Pope of
medicine". He received the Copley Medal in 1892.
KNOLL AND RUSKA:
Knoll was born in Wiesbaden
and studied in Munich and at the Technical University of Berlin, where he
obtained his doctorate in the Institute for High Voltage Technology. In 1927 he
became the leader of the electron research group there, where he and his
co-worker, Ernst Ruska, invented the
electron microscope in 1940.
Thank you.
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